How to read the circle of fifths
The outer ring lists all twelve major keys and the inner ring shows each one's relative minor — the two keys that share the same notes and key signature. The small red label in each wedge is the key signature: how many sharps (#) or flats (b) that key carries. Move one step clockwise and you go up a fifth, adding a sharp; one step anticlockwise goes up a fourth, adding a flat.
It's the single most useful chart in music theory: it shows which keys are closely related, why certain chords sound at home together, and where a progression is likely to travel. Explore it interactively on the circle of fifths page.
Related on String Warrior
- Interactive circle of fifths — click any key for its scale, chords and relatives
- Intervals, modes and all music theory
- Chord progressions by key to hear the circle in action
- All printables · All instruments